Formaldehyde: A human carcinogen and respiratory irritant, formaldehyde can severely irritate or burn the skin, eyes, nose, mouth, and lungs. Exposure can lead to skin allergies, asthma attacks, and even pulmonary edema. Found in some air fresheners, metal polishes, tub/tile cleaners, fabric deodorizers, and spray starch.
Fragrance: May cause a host of problems, including allergies, watery eyes, headaches, skin irritation, lung problems, and neurotoxicity. The phthalates (see below) used as “carriers” are dangerous, too. Found in some air fresheners, carpet cleaners, dishwashing liquids, automatic dishwasher detergents, laundry detergents, fabric softeners/dryer sheets, and fabric deodorizers.
Organic Solvents: Solvents help other product ingredients work. Don’t be misled by the word “organic” in this context — it means “carbon-based.” Many solvents are neurotoxins. Found in some all-purpose cleaners, metal polishes, and furniture wax/polishes.
Phosphates: Phosphates trigger allergies and irritate the eyes and skin. In the environment, phosphates can lead to serious overgrowth of algae in waterways: Algae blooms are hazardous to fish, plant life, and water quality, as they rob bodies of water of oxygen. Maryland and Virginia, among other states, plan to ban phosphates in dishwasher detergents as of 2010. Found in some automatic dishwasher detergents.
Phthalates: These enter the body through skin contact, inhalation, and ingestion, and have been linked to asthma and allergic symptoms in children, birth defects in male children, and reduced sperm count in adult males. Found in almost any cleaning product that contains the word “fragrance” (especially air fresheners), carpet cleaners, dishwashing liquids, automatic dishwasher detergents, laundry detergents, fabric softeners/dryer sheets, and fabric deodorizers.
Sodium Hydroxide/Lye: Causes severe corrosive damage to the eyes, skin, mucous membranes, mouth, throat, esophagus, and stomach. Found in some oven cleaners, toilet-bowl cleaners, dishwashing liquids, automatic dishwasher detergents, laundry detergents, and drain cleaners.
Synthetic Surfactants: These “foaming” agents help products clean more efficiently, but they can release carcinogens and reproductive toxins during manufacture, and some break down into compounds known to mimic estrogen and disrupt reproductive development. They are also slow to biodegrade. Found in some all-purpose cleaners, dishwashing liquids, and laundry detergents.
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